Although viral infections are more common, bacterial meningitis is the one with the potential to cause a rapidly deteriorating condition that the physician should be familiar with. Untreated, bacterial meningitis is almost always fatal. It is essential for clinicians to recognize the clinical signs and symptoms of meningitis and understand its management and prevention. You get it when a virus enters the body through the nose or mouth and travels to the brain. The virus is spread from an infected person to another by coughing, kissing, or sharing food or drinks. Describe key management issues for a child who has bacterial meningitis. Meningitis viral trastornos neurologicos manual merck. Meningitis is inflammation of the thin tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, called the meninges. Viral meningitis is a common disease caused by a virus that infects the outer covering of the brain and spinal cord. Jan 05, 2008 viral meningitis is a notifiable disease in england and wales, but many cases undoubtedly go unreported. Even though many make a recovery from meningitis, cognitive impairment is common and one third of adult survivors may suffer from mild impairment. Meningitis viral meningitis no bacteriana english version. Bacterial meningitis is a severe, lifethreatening infection of the central nervous system that requires immediate medical attention.
From 1980 to 1992, between 250 and 700 cases of viral meningitis were reported yearly to public health authorities, an annual incidence of 1. Empiric therapy for meningitis associated with sinusitis, otitis, or mastoiditis should. Causes include bacterial infection, viral infection, fungal infection, protozoal infection, aberrant parasite migration, or immunemediated disease. You may also get a type of viral meningitis if you are. View as pdf send by post viral meningitis is an infection of the meninges the thin lining of the brain and spinal cord. With treatment, mortality risk of death from bacterial meningitis depends on the age of the person and the underlying cause. Diagnosis, initial management, and prevention of meningitis. Viral meningitis is an infection of the meninges a thin lining covering the brain and spinal cord by any one of a number of different viruses. Ti is a biphasic medium that is useful for the primary culture of meningococci and other etiological agents of bacterial meningitis s.
Viral meningitis is a virusborne inflammation of the meninges, which are the. Even with appropriate treatment, morbidity and mortality can be substantial. Viral encephalitis frequently accompanies viral meningitis and can. The numbers likely underestimate the true magnitude of viral meningitis because cases are not always reported to public health authorities. Most people with viral or noninfectious meningitis recover within a few weeks. Thus, meningitis due to neisseria meningitidis is still a concern in a vaccinated individual.
Parametros meningitis septica meningitis aseptica meningitis meningitis bacteriana viral micotica tbc presion 180 frecuentemente variable 180 mm h2o normal conteo globulos blancos 10. Feb 03, 2020 viral meningitis is caused by viruses found in saliva, blood, nose drainage, and bowel movements. Most children with viral meningitis recover on their own without treatment. It is often less severe than bacterial meningitis, and most people get better on their own without treatment. Neurodevelopmental progress should be monitored in outpatients. Bacterial meningitis, on the other hand, comes on fast and is very serious. Viral meningitis is usually much less severe than other types. Viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis, an inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord. When hes there, hell get fluids through an iv to prevent dehydration, as well. Thus, it is important to know the specific cause of meningitis.
With the exception of the herpes simplex virus, there are no specific medications to treat the organisms that cause viral meningitis. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Viral meningitis is generally less severe and clears up without. Meningitis is a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord, the meninges. Most people with viral meningitis recover fully within a week. The virus is spread from an infected person to another through coughing, kissing, or sharing food or drinks. Recognize the common acute complications of meningitis. Your teen may need only a few days in the hospital. Viral meningitis brain, spinal cord, and nerve disorders. Some of the most common causes of bacterial meningitis include neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus. Presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the infectious diseases society of america, san francisco, ca. Meningitis is an inflammation of the tissue that covers the brain and spinal cord that can be caused by several different types of, as well as viruses and fungibacteria. Csf cytochemical features found in viral meningitis were transparent and moderate lymphocytic pleocytosis, csf.
The prognosis depends mainly on the pathogen and host immunologic state. It can be caused by a number of different viruses and is often a complication of another viral illness. Your child may also get a type of viral meningitis if he is bitten by a mosquito that carries the west nile virus. Subacute meningitis and chronic meningitis usually progress slowly and gradually, but doctors may have difficulty determining what the cause is and thus what the treatment should be. Collection and transport of clinical specimens laboratory methods. About bacterial meningitis meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Volumen total del lcr 150 ml intraventricular 2030 ml. Viral meningitis aseptic or nonbacterial meningitis. Treatment for viral meningitis is usually supportive aimed at relieving symptoms. Having meningitis can have subsequent effects on your mental ability, reported reuters. Viral meningitis in children what you need to know. Feb 27, 2019 please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. Parametros meningitis septica meningitis aseptica meningitis meningitis. The diagnosis of viral meningitis requires negative csf culture for routine.
The majority of children with bacterial meningitis recover with no longterm complications, but bacterial meningitis can cause deafness, blindness, developmental delays, speech loss, muscle problems, kidney and adrenal gland failure, seizures, and even death. A csf tap is the most accurate way to diagnose meningitis, though ct and mri may also be beneficial. Correct immediate diagnosis and introduction of symptomatic and speci. Viral meningitis is caused by viruses found in sputum spit, blood, nose drainage, and bowel movements.
Thus, aseptic meningitis can include meningitis caused by drugs, disorders that are not infections, or other organisms such as the bacteria that cause lyme. All children with bacterial meningitis should have a formal audiology assessment 68 weeks after discharge earlier if there are concerns regarding hearing. Its typically mild and goes away without treatment. Viral meningitis, in contrast, tends to resolve spontaneously and is rarely fatal. Learn more about how you get meningitis, its symptoms, and how its treated at webmd. Acute bacterial meningitis is particularly serious and worsens rapidly. Viral meningitis nonbacterial meningitis fact sheet. Diagnostico etiologico en meningitis y encefalitis por.
Caracteristicas del liquido cefalorraquideo en meningitis. Although hiv is a rare cause of viral meningitis, it is important that adults with viral meningitis due. In cases of viral meningitis it is not always possible to identify the type of virus responsible for the disease approximately 3040% of patients have no pathogen identified. Meningitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. Distinguish bacterial, viral, tuberculous, and fungal meningitis based on clinical presentation and cerebrospinal fluid analysis.
It can be used as a growth medium as well as a holding and transport medium. Viral meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord that is caused by a virus, usually enteroviruses. List the typical clinical manifestations of meningitis. Meningitis infecciones del sistema nervioso central snc. Variables citoquimicas del liquido cefalorraquideo en.
Still, there are many viral infections that can lead to viral meningitis, including measles, mumps, herpes viruses, varicellazoster virus. Viral meningitis is the most common cause of aseptic meningitis. Commonly performed tests on csf include protein and glucose levels, cell counts and differential, microscopic examination, and culture. Sep 05, 20 causes of meningitis bacterial viral fungal ricketsial rocky mountain spotted fever parasitic protozoal physical injury cancer certain drugs mainly, nsaids severitytreatment of illnesses differ depending on the cause. The severity of illness and treatment differs depending on whether it is caused by a virus or bacterium. Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis.
Viral meningitis is most commonly caused by the enteroviruses and is self. It is usually less severe than bacterial meningitis. Viral meningitis is also called aseptic meningitis. Viral meningitis aseptic or nonbacterial meningitis what is viral meningitis. Meningitis refers to inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.
951 999 276 853 396 46 1172 1190 123 662 1049 374 265 460 1506 1191 1296 325 188 1411 1532 217 977 1393 688 1123 508 172 820 1176 1111 1022 995 364 892 660 1301 1460